Eighteenth-century type in the royal printing office
The design and development of a historical interpretative revival
Adviser Maria Calado; Co-adviser John Downer
The thesis aimed to study and reinterpret the original Eighteenth-century characters from the Impressão Régia (Royal Press) Foundry. Additionally, based on research findings, a new typeface was developed. This thesis is a contribution to knowledge about the Eighteenth-century type history in Portugal. Last but not least it provides theoretical and practical experience on type design.
The discovery of the original punches developed by the Frenchman Jean Villeneuve, lead to the centre of the project. Other aspects beyond the punches by itself were taken into consideration, aiming for marked historical roots. Printed characters, the influence of calligraphy, the history of typography, and the surrounding context also part to substantiate each glyph’s design.
Regarding history, another typefounder, Henrique José Belinque – who was a contemporary of Villeneuve – was discovered. Both worked for the royal power following each other consecutively. The two typefounders’ work culminated in the Royal Press – Impressão Régia –, and they are the main individuals that created type used in Portugal at the time.
On the Revival
The project extends far from the historical investigation and contributes to knowledge exposing the steps followed on the design of a typeface. Methods are presented, and reasoning is detailed to support the typeface revival. Simultaneously forms a description of a practice based on an understanding of a piece of history that to a great extent still awaits depiction.
It is also intended to help create awareness of graphic design and typographic culture in Portugal. Hopefully, it can open the way to new research in typography and other typeface interpretations.
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The thesis, originally written in English, it is currently being revised and translated to be published by the National Printing Office. A bilingual edition – Portuguese and English – it is expected by late 2019.
Rúben Dias is a regular researcher and contributor on the history and evolution of type and typography in Portugal. Co-authored Imprimere, exhibition and book edited by the Portuguese National Mint and Printing Office (INCM) and the Manual do Tipografo edited by Clube dos Tipos.
Currently, he teaches typography and type design at ESAD – School of Arts and Design in Matosinhos. Previously taught for about a decade at the ESAD.CR – Superior School of Art and Design of Caldas da Rainha, ESTAL – Escola Superior de Tecnologias e Artes de Lisboa, ETIC – School of Innovation and Training Technologies and ar.co – Center for Art and Visual Communication.
Parallel with his research and academic career, he works as a graphic designer and develops custom and retail typefaces.
In 2004 he founded the graphic design studio Item Zero, collaborating with public and private entities in the field of culture, education, as well as renowned architects and the business community.
Since the late 1990s, he has been developing his letterpress workshop for typographical experimentation – Tipografia Dias. From time to time workshops on traditional and experimental letterpress printing are performed, following a manifestation of interest of individuals or groups.
He has co-founded of the type foundry collective, Tipos das Letras, with Ricardo Santos, Aprígio Morgado and Ricardo Dantas. One of its main projects is RUHA, a type family and a stencil ruler with different letter components that allow you to mix and match them to create a large variety of letters shapes.
2017 Letterpress basics workshop, Escola Superior de Artes e Design, Matosinhos
2017 Letter Stencil RUHA, Escola Superior de Artes e Design, Matosinhos
2016 Letterpress basics workshop, Escola Superior de Artes e Design, Matosinhos
2016 RUHA Stencil Workshop, within 7th International Typography Meeting, “Rythmus”, [Encontro de Tipografia 2016]. Faculty of Architecture of the University of Lisbon, Lisboa
2016/11/23 Movable Type Workshop, Tipografia Dias, Lisboa
2016 Advanced Movable Type Workshop within 7th International Typography Meeting, “Rythmus”, [Encontro de Tipografia 2016], Tipografia Dias, Lisboa
2016 Ruha Stencil workshop, Bergen Academy of Art and Design, Bergen, Norway—with the Tipos das Letras collective
2015/12/20 Letterpress basics workshop, Tipografia Dias, no âmbito da Experimenta Design, Lisboa
2015/12/13 Letterpress basics workshop, Tipografia Dias, no âmbito da Experimenta Design, Lisboa
2015/12/12 Letterpress basics workshop, Tipografia Dias, no âmbito da Experimenta Design, Lisboa
2015/11/21 Letterpress basics workshop, Tipografia Dias, within the paralel program of Experimenta Design, Lisboa
2015 Crossing Between Styles, Experimenta Design Biennale, Lisbon – with the Tipos das Letras collective
2014 Ruha Stencil workshop, Grafill, Noruega. With the Tipos das Letras collective
2013 Crossing Between Styles, Experimenta Design, Lisboa – With the Tipos das Letras collective
2013 Letterpess Workshop for Illustration, Ar.Co – Centro de Arte e Comunicação Visual, Lisboa
2013 Ruha workshop, 4th Typograhy Meeting [IV Encontro de Tipografia], Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do IPCB, Idanha a Nova – With the Tipos das Letras collective
2013 Letra Real, Stencil Workshop, Comunicar Design X, Escola Superior de Artes e Design das Caldas da Rainha (ESAD.CR) – With the Tipos das Letras collective
2012 Letterpess Workshop, Ar.Co – Centro de Arte e Comunicação Visual, Lisboa
2007 Lettering Design, Universidade de Aveiro, com Ricardo Santos.
2006 Design your type, Instituto de Artes Visuais, Design e Marketing, Lisboa, with Ricardo Santos
2005 Type Big, Small Type, Instituto de Artes Visuais, Design e Marketing, Lisboa, with Ricardo Santos
Lectures
2019 The Fiapo book and open talk with ItemZero (Rúben Dias and Ricardo Dantas), Márcia Novais, Mário Moura and Rui Vitorino Santos, Faculty of Fine Arts of Oporto Univerisity.
2017 From Metal to Beziers, the redesign of an eighteenth-century typeface [Do metal aos beziers, o redesign do um tipo de letra do século XVIII], Escola Superior de Artes e Design, Matosinhos
2014 One Type Revival, Bergen Academy of Art and Design, Bergen, Norway
2013 Type Design – from punches to digital, in: “Do escrito ao inscrito” 4th Typograhy Meeting [IV Encontro de Tipografia], Escola Superior de Artes Aplicadas do IPCB, Idanha a Nova
2012 A letra de imprensa na Academia Real da História Portuguesa na primeira metade do século XVIII, in: 3th Typography Meeting [III Encontro de Tipografia], Escola Superior de Música, Artes e Espectáculo – Instituto Politécnico do Porto.
2012 Uma perspectiva sobre letras escrita e caligrafia / lettering / tipos de letra e tipografia; co-authored with Ana Félix, in: 3th Typography Meeting [III Encontro de Tipografia], Escola Superior de Música, Artes e Espectáculo – Instituto Politécnico do Porto.
2012 O tipo das letras, in: World Graphics Day, Escola Superior de Artes e Design, Matosinhos.
2012 Design, Tipografia e desenho de tipos de letra, Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa.
2011 Uma perspetiva tipográfica no século XVIII em Portugal, o desenvolvimento dos tipos de letra, in: Books with a View, Faculty of Architecture of the Lisbon Technical University, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa
2011 O lugar da tipografia na arquitetura: Contributo para a salvaguarda e construção de memória. Co-Authored with Joana Lessa; Paulo T. Silva; Ricardo Santos; Luís Ferreira; Manuel da Silva Lessa, in: 2nd Typography Meeting, (Segundo Encontro de Tipografia), Aveiro University
2010 O ensino da tipografia na ESAD.CR – programa metodológico, in: First Typography Meeting [Encontro de Tipografia], Escola Superior de Artes e Design – Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Caldas da Rainha
2009 O Design como objecto de comunicação na Arquitectura, in: Arquitectura e Publicação, Instrumentos e meios de publicação, Nucleo de Arquitectura da Universidade Lusíada, Lisboa
2008 Os tipos das letras, um colectivo tipográfico, Aveiro University (Co-authored with Ricardo Santos)
2006 Novas tendencias na tipografia digital – Lisboa Open Type, in: XVI ARTEC ®evolução digital, Instituto Politécnico de Tomar
2006 Oban, do desenho ao uso, in: Conferências CPDC’06, Faculdade de Belas Artes da Universidade de Lisboa2005 Oban, o processo de um tipo de letra, in: XV ARTEC – Simpósio das Artes Gráficas, Instituto Politécnico de Tomar
2004 Border City, in Conferências Cumulus – Instituto de Artes Visuais, Design e Marketing, Lisboa
Publications
2018 Imprimere – Arte e processo nos 250 anos da Imprensa Nacional [Imprimere – Art and process in the Portuguese National Printing Office’s 250 years], Co-Authored with Sofia Meira, Published by Imprensa Nacional [National Printing Office] and esad – Escola Superior de Artes e Design, Matosinhos.
2016 Manual Prático do Tipógrafo [Practical Typograph Handbook], Co-authored with Joana Monteiro, Published by Clube dos Tipos.
Published work and articles
2017 “Letras que habitam a Cidade” [“Letters that inhabit the city”], Cidade gráfica, letreiros e reclames Lisboa no século XX [Graphic city, letter signs in Lisbon's twentieth-century], Lisbon city Council, and Mude [Design Museum].
2016 “RUHA – Modern Fine Characters Crossing Between Styles”, Burilada, Câmara Municipal de Matosinhos; esad–idea Investigação em Arte e Design.
2015 “Tipos”, in Desejo Tensão e Transição, Câmara Municipal de Matosinhos; esad–idea Investigação em arte e design, Experimenta Design 15.
2013 Corpos dos tipos. Proceedings book “Do escrito ao Inscrito”, Forth typography Meeting [Quarto Encontro de Tipografia], Instituto Poltécno do Vale do Cávado e do Ave
2012 A letra de imprensa na Academia Real da História Portuguesa na primeira metade do século XVIII, Third Typography meeting [Terceiro Encontro de Tipografia], Livro de Actas, pp.102-115, http://issuu.com/iiiet/docs/livro
2012 “Uma perspectiva sobre letras escrita e caligrafia / lettering / tipos de letra e tipografia”; Third Typography meeting [Terceiro Encontro de Tipografia], Livro de Actas, com Ana Félix, pp.62-71, http://issuu.com/iiiet/docs/livro 2011
”O lugar da tipografia na arquitetura: Contributo para a salvaguarda e construção de memória”, Second Typography Meeting [Segundo Encontro de Tipografia], Actas, with: Joana Lessa; Paulo T. Silva; Ricardo Santos; Luís Ferreira; Manuel da Silva Lessa; Aveiro, pp.105-138, http://entipografia.web.ua.pt/atas/Artigo_ENT_6.pdf
Participation on scientific comities with blind peer reviewers
2018 “Thinking about tomorrow”, 9th Typography Meeting [Nono Encontro de Tipografia], Instituto Politécnico de Tomar
2017 “Multicultural”, 8th Typography Meeting [Oitavo Encontro de Tipografia], Universidade do Algarve
2016 “Rythmus”, 7th Typography Meeting [Sétimo Encontro de Tipografia], Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa
2015 “Perceção”, 6th Typography Meeting, [Sexto Encontro de Tipografia], Universidade de Aveiro
2014 “Ubíqua”, 5th Typography Meeting, [Quinto Encontro de Tipografia] Instituto Poltécno do Vale do Cávado e do Ave
2013 “Do inscrito ao escrito”, 4th Typography Meeting [Quarto Encontro de Tipografia], Instituto Poltécnico de Castelo Branco
2012 “Convergências”, 3th Typography Meeting [Terceiro Encontro de Tipografia], Escola Superior de Música, Artes e Espectáculo e o Instituto Politécnico do Porto
2011 “Contextos de Investigação e de Aplicação”, 2nd Typography Meeting [Segundo Encontro de Tipografia], Universidade de Aveiro
Organização de ciclo de conferências e workshops
2019 “Borders”, Décimo encontro Nacional de Tipografia, ESAD Escola Superior de Arte e Design, Matosinhos.
2010 O ensino da tipografia em Portugal, Primeiro encontro Nacional de Tipografia, ESAD/IPL Escola Superior de Arte e Design das Caldas da Rainha/Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Caldas da Rainha.
Experiência professional
2013 – […] Founded (with Ricardo Santos e Aprígio Morgado) the Digital Type Foundry Tipos das Letras
2004 – […] Founded the design studio Item Zero
2000 – […] develops his own letterpress workshop Tipografia Dias
1998-2003 as a designer worked as a freelancer and for a myriad of agencies, design studios and printing offices as Methodus Design, Coyote Designers, Experimenta Design, Gráfica de Leiria, Leirisic, Publicenso.
Published Typefaces
2013 RUHA OpenType®, Tipos das Letras, http://www.myfonts.com
2006 – […] Type Design professor at Escola Superior de Arte e Design, Matosinhos
2007 – 2016 Type and Typography Teacher at Escola Superior de Arte e Design do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Caldas da Rainha
2013-2016 Teacher of Typography at ETIC, Lisboa
2012– 2015 Teacher and coordinator of the letterpess workshop, at Ar.co – Centro de Arte e Comunicação Visual, Lisboa
2012 – 2013 Docente de Tipografia, layout e Paginação, ESTAL, Lisboa
2006 – 2009 Teacher of Type Design, at Ar.co – Centro de Arte e Comunicação Visual
Master thesis coordination
2019 A influência dos tipos de madeira no desenho de novas fontes. Carlos Oliveira, esad, Matosinhos
2018 Parametric Design/Design paramétrico, Ana Fernandes, esad, Matosinhos
2013 O desenho da letra em azulejo – Uma modularidade tipográfica na azulejaria da placa toponímica, Ana Sofia Félix, Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa
Press (selected list)
2018 De Gutenberg ao digital, a Casa do Design ensina como se faz um livro, Jornal Público (https://www.publico.pt/2018/06/01/local/noticia/de-gutenberg-ao-digital-a-casa-do-design-ensina-como-se-faz-um-livro-1832718#gs.rA9KSobS)
2018 Imprensa Nacional 250 anos: glória e pedagogia. Oberservador (https://observador.pt/2018/07/14/imprensa-nacional-250-anos-de-gloria-e-pedagogia/)
2018 A Casa do Design, em Matosinhos, SIC Notícias (https://sicnoticias.pt/cultura/2018-07-02-A-Casa-do-Design-em-Matosinhos-tem-duas-novas-exposicoes)
2018 Imprimere, Time Out Porto (https://www.timeout.pt/porto/pt/museus/imprimere)
2018 Exposição em Matosinhos assinala 250.º aniversário da Imprensa Nacional, Diário de Notícias (https://www.dn.pt/lusa/interior/exposicao-em-matosinhos-assinala-250o-aniversario-da-imprensa-nacional-9315797.html)
2017 Manual prático do Tipógrafo, For Print Only. A Division of UnderConsideration, 4 de Janeiro (https://www.underconsideration.com/fpo/archives/2017/01/manual-pratico-do-tipografo.php)
2016 Manual Prático do Tipógrafo: a tipografia chegou ao século XXI , P3, Público, 5 de Abril (https://www.publico.pt/2016/04/05/p3/noticia/manual-pratico-do-tipografo-a-tipografia-chegou-ao-seculo-xxi-1825811#gs.jLE09YBp)
2012 Tipo de letra Taca, Público – Dois, 9 de Dezembro 2006 Tipo de letra Oban selecionado no Concurso Jovens Criadores, jornal Região de Leiria.
2009 – 2015 PhD in Design Eighteenth-century type in the royal printing office The design and development of a historical interpretative revival. Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa
2007 Type Design Intensive, University of Reading, Department of Typography
2004 Bolseiro na Fundação Bauhaus Dessau, V Kolleg, Transitraüme, Alemanha
1998 – 2002 Design Visual, Instituto de Artes Visuais, Design e Marketing, Lisboa
Collective Exhibitions
2016-2017 Tipografia Dias uma colecção de Workshops, 7th Typography Meeting[Sétimo Encontro Internacional de Tipografia], Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa.
2016 Ruha Stencil workshop, 7th Typography Meeting[Sétimo Encontro Internacional de Tipografia], Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade de Lisboa – With the collective Tipos das Letras
2016 Letra D with Tipos das letras at LAWM – Letters are what matters, Silos Contentor Criativo das Caldas da Rainha
2016 “RUHA – Modern FIne Characters Crossing Between Styles”, Burilada, Câmara Municipa de Matosinhos; esad–idea Investigação em arte e design.
2016 Letra G (Tipografia Dias) at LAWM – Letters are what matters, Silos Contentor Criativo das Caldas da Rainha
2016 Letra X at LAWM – Letters are what matters, Silos Contentor Criativo das Caldas da Rainha
2016 Tipografia Dias, Open Day – Lola Mullen Lowe, Lisboa
2015 Tipos, in Desejo Tensão e Transição, Câmara Municipa de Matosinhos; esad–idea Investigação em arte e design, Experimenta Design 15.
2014 Ruha Stencil workshop, Bergen Book Art Fair, Bergen, Noruega— Com o colectivo Tipos das Letras
2013 Letra Real, Stencil Workshop, Comunicar Design X, Escola Superior de Artes e Design das Caldas da Rainha (ESAD.CR) — Com o colectivo Tipos das Letras
2006 Oban Type Family, Jornadas Atypicas, Faculdade de Belas Artes de Lisboa
2005 TransitRäume – Fundação Bauhaus, em Bordeaux, França
2004 Transit Spaces, 1.ª Bienal Internacional Chinesa de Arquitectura, Beijing. TransitRäume – Fundação Bauhaus
2004 Oban Typeface, Festival of Video – Armenian Center for Contemporay Experimental Art – ACCEA, Arménia
Awards and honorary mentions
2019 Fiapo – Shortlisted, Internacional competition Stiftung Buchkunst for the “Best Book Design from all over the World” 2019.
2018 Fiapo – Honorary Mention, Book Design Award by the National Council of Book and Libraries [Prémio Design do Livro, by DGLAB Direcção Geral do Livro e das Bibliotecas].
2017 Manual Prático do Tipógrafo, Type Director’s Club – Award of Typographic Excellence com Clube dos Tipos.
2013 Taca, Other Notable Font Releases of 2012, Reviewed by Typographica.
2006 Oban, sistema de tipos de letra, Jovens Criadores 2013 Taca OpenType Pro®, Typographica, 2012 Notable releases
4th TYPOGRAPHY MEETING / 4º ENCONTRO DE TIPOGRAFIA
2013.11.26-29
Corpos dos tipos
[Type body sizes]
Co-authored with Francisca Monteiro
An article in a poster format that records from a myriad of documents the Portuguese nomenclatures used to designate the type sizes used before the Didot Point – that emerged in the late eighteenth century.
It is presented a comparative table gathering the terminologies used from the eighteenth up to the twenty-first century revealing the wide variation in name’s usage, that show the influences from all over Europe.
The same table is a proposal of an organisation and an approximation of these nomenclatures to the Didot point sizes, to order it's terminology usage for further researchers.
The full article is available in the 4th Typography Meeting's Book of Proceedings, Page 142 (Portuguese only).
3th TYPOGRAPHY MEETING / 3º ENCONTRO DE TIPOGRAFIA
2012.10.08-09
Uma perspectiva sobre letras, escrita e caligrafia / lettering / tipos de letra e tipografia.
[One perspective about letters, writting, and calligraphy / lettering / typefaces and typography]
Co-authored with Ana Sofia Félix
Similar to other knowledge areas, Typography has been developing a language and specific terminology. With the progress of education in typography, it becomes essential to establish and comprehend the concepts used in the profession.
A few of these concepts are still to be settled, particularly in the Portuguese language. The ones about the way work and talk about letters, as the writing, calligraphy, lettering or other drawn letters and the typography or typefaces are being misused either on-line and even in academic contexts.
This article aims to propose to the discussion a way of understanding for each one of them, not as an absolute way, but by presenting their proceedings, peculiarities, objectives and limits.
You can find the complete article here, pp.62-71 (Portuguese only);
3th TYPOGRAPHY MEETING / 3º ENCONTRO DE TIPOGRAFIA
2012.10.08-09
A letra de Imprensa na Academia Real da História Portuguesa na primeira metade do Século XVIII.
[Printing type in the Royal Academy of Portuguese History during the first half of the eighteenth-century]
You can find the complete article here, pp.102-115 (Portuguese only);
Awarded with Certificate of Typographic Excellence from the Type Directors Club
Co-authored with Joana Monteiro
This book was developed with the aim to guide newcomers inside a traditional letterpress workshop. The publication consists of a glossary of essential terms and objects. Brief descriptions of the main phases and necessary materials support a proper understanding for letterpress practice.
It was organised according to the phases of the process, considering a resume of needs to the current letterpress practice for the current beginners. The intention with this object is to promote a general understanding inside the workshop, making easier the learning effort for every interested in getting in touch with letterpress.
The publication is unavailable for sale, but, you can exchange it with another book, a typographically printed piece or any other type related material. We are compiling each exchange on this Facebook event page. If you are interested, have a look at the previous exchanges and feel free to get in touch.
Awarded with the “Certificate of Typographic Excellence” from the Type Directors Club, Typography 38. It was shown at the 63rd Awards Exhibition (TDC63) in New York City. The exhibition has toured through cities in the United States, Canada, China, England, France, Germany, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Poland, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Imprimere – Arte e processo nos 250 anos da Imprensa Nacional
[Imprimere – Art and process in the Portuguese National Printing Office’s 250 years]
Co-Authored with Sofia Meira
Published together with the homonymous exhibition it is more than just a catalogue of the presented pieces. It is an educational tool not only for teachers and students of design but to anyone interested in knowing how books used to be made. It reveals an understanding of the value of the techniques in its current practice and formation, namely in Design education.
In the first part of the book, a series of essays contextualise the design in Portuguese history. Other articles reveal the practice presented in the first person and how the appropriation of the old techniques are resurging in the current design scene.
The second part exposes the techniques of bookmaking, with brief descriptions on the most significative processes and methods. Taking as a guide the Portuguese National Printing Office’s 250 years of book production, it represents a historical approximation of the Portuguese reality. It starts with papermaking and printing type manufacturing; It follows with the most relevant printing methods used for bookmaking: letterpress typography, calcography and lithography in stone and offset; and finishes with bookbinding. The current section is the most extended part of the book, widely illustrated, with a curated collection of machinery, tools and printed materials, exceptionally photographed.
The third and last part of the book contains the reproduction of a collection of ten prints, developed by ten designers, exploring the above techniques in today's practice.
A copy can be obtained in book stores all over Portugal or directly from the editor's Imprensa Nacional Cada da Moeda website. Although the book is only in Portuguese, the extensive collection of great pictures may be of interest by itself.
Imprimere – Arte e Processo nos 250 anos da Imprensa Nacional
[Art and process in the Portuguese National Printing Office’s 250 years]
Co-Curated with Sofia Meira
The exhibition aimed at bringing to a broad audience an early contact with the evolution of bookmaking techniques. Unable to show every possibility we associated with the Portuguese National Printing Office allowing us to focus on their work over the last 250 years.
The techniques allowed us to organise a curated selection of machines, tools and printed materials, widely used in the trade. With a didactic perspective, the aim was to reveal the elemental steps on bookmaking. With a focus on seven techniques, from making paper and type manufacturing to the conventional printing techniques (as typography, calcography, lithography and silkscreen), the visitor was able to get an overall idea of the complexity of these processes.
Hopefully, it contributed to an improvement of the consciousness of the book as an object, regardless of the technology used to make it.
In a moment that designers are rediscovering old methods, to recover this knowledge allowed the community to move on, reclaiming these techniques into contemporary practices.
The exhibition took place at Casa do Design, and was supported by the Matosinhos City Council; esad–idea and the Portuguese National Mint and Printing Office.
Tipos das Letras (TdL) is an independent digital type foundry based in Portugal, started in 2013. www.tiposdasletras.com
TIPOS DAS LETRAS
05.2013
RUHA Stencil
Co-author Aprígio Morgado e Ricardo Santos
The need to create an educational tool for the teaching of typographic design gave rise to the RUHA project, a stencil designed for the exploration of letterforms that also shares the purpose of the construction of messages.
RUHA evokes the sound and geometric rigidity of a landmark development in the history of typography, the Romain du Roi, a font commissioned by Louis XIV of France and developed by a committee appointed by the Académie des Sciences. While they were contentious because of their prétendues règles, the mechanical form of these fonts paved the way for the Transitional and Didones fonts. The character model presented by RUHA is the result of the synthesis and interpretation of Modern typefaces.
Despite this rigidity, the rationality of the basic model encourages graphic experimentation and creativity. Using the same base the stencil makes it possible to explore Latin, Tuscan, Grotesque and many other styles, and the addition of decorative elements such as diamonds or terminals and other graphic elements is also possible.
The RUHA stencil has several features that set it apart from the conventional stencil concept. The letters are built using elements that are added on to or superimposed upon each other; their form may or may not feature the “cuts” that usually are characteristic of this technique.
A contemporary reinterpretation from a Eighteenth century type
Co-Authored with Fábio Martins
Regem is an ongoing collaborative project that aims to reinterpret a typeface, in four hands and continuously update our discussions online, making a record of the process in blog format as the work is going.
Usually, when doing a revival, the obvious way to acquire references is to look a the display types: they allow to perceive much more details, making it easier to make choices and to transform it into vectors. For this project, the option was to go the other way around: to ignore the display types and look at the smaller ones, filled with artefacts and rough shapes, with not-so-elegant cuts and ink blots.
The choice is to look at these artefacts and reading them as statements, not errors.
Punchcutters were adapting forms to make them work at a given size – and since type was to be seen printed, these “errors” play a crucial role in the texture – while being limited to their tools and physical constraints. Comparing to the process of cutting type in the Eighteenth century, the contemporary digital type design has a baffling degree of precision. Also, printing nowadays is much more refined. Such detail demands a de-rationalisation on what to keep and what to ignore. At the same time, enough room should be allowed in the development of a contemporary interpretation, and to work in four hands will naturally retain a sum of perspectives.
Our goal is to produce a contemporary text typeface, designed to be used around 9-10 points, while rationalizing and documenting the process, discussing how to achieve informed decisions, based on history, balance and technique.
A similar process happens for the italics and the two bolds – the latter that, by that time, were still non-existing, but that is an obvious need in regular contemporary use.
The decisions and solutions will come along the process; the points above, serve as a starting point of a project that is under development. Keep an eye on the developments in here.
Complete RUHA typeface family available. GET IT HERE
TIPOS DAS LETRAS
05.2013
RUHA
Typeface Family
Co-author Aprígio Morgado e Ricardo Santos
RUHA evokes the sound and geometric rigidity of a landmark development in the history of typography, the Romain du Roi, a font commissioned by Louis XIV of France and developed by a committee appointed by the Académie des Sciences. While they were contentious because of their prétendues règles, the mechanical form of these fonts paved the way for the Transitional and Didones fonts. The character model presented by RUHA is the result of the synthesis and interpretation of Modern typefaces.
Despite this rigidity, the rationality of the basic model encourages graphic experimentation and creativity. Using the same base, the stencil makes it possible to explore Latin, Tuscan, Grotesque and many other styles, and the addition of decorative elements such as diamonds or terminals and other graphic elements is also possible.
Taca is a typeface built around a shape called a “squircle” — neither square nor circle. We usually associate the rounded, convex box with the television screens of the 1960s and Aldo Novarese’s classic typeface, Eurostile.
But whereas Eurostile is cold and machined, Taca is warm and rugged, as if it was moulded from clay or carved from stone. Taca’s organic nature is also derived from another unique feature: rounded crotches at the right angles where perpendicular strokes meet. This subtle finish, along with blunt stroke endings, softens the otherwise rigid skeleton.
With such a strong conceptual vision, Taca could be relegated to the bin of experimental designs, severely limited in their application. But that fate is usually born of a less experienced maker.
Taca is therefore not a slave to its concept, but a working font family, effective in various sizes and environments. Its letter shapes break away from the base shape whenever it makes sense for legibility, while still maintaining the flavour of the design as a whole. That said, a set of squircle-shaped alternates give the user the flexibility to get more stylized if the situation calls for it.
Fitting to its functional aims, Taca has many of the features one expects of a proper text font: upper and lowercase figures, case-sensitive punctuation, and Extended Latin language support.
The simplicity, openness, and squareness of Taca’s forms also make it an ideal design for the pixel grid of screen displays.
Available in 41 languages: Afrikaans, Albanian, Basque, Bokmål, Slovenian, Esperanto, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, French, Irish, Irish Welsh, Greenlander, Dutch, Hungarian, English, Icelandic, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Romanian, Serbian (Latin), Swedish and Turkish.
Tipografia Dias is a movable type letterpress workshop founded in 2000, run by Designers, designing with movable type. www.tipografiadias.com
Design with Letterpress
At Tipografia Dias we have been developing projects such as books, posters, business cards or postcards, among others. We create the project from the conception of the idea through the design process working with movable type, up to printing. Containing over 150 typefaces of wood and metal we have been able to produce a wide variety of solutions.
Taking advantage of the old technique of letterpress, we are allowed to control the process thoroughly. Moreover, this technique empowers us to make particular objects, where every print is unlikely different.
In 2019 the book Fiapo, entirely designed and printed in letterpress was awarded an honorary mention on the Portuguese Book Design Award by its peculiar design qualities and details. The same book was shortlisted in the Internacional competition from Stiftung Buchkunst for the “Best Book Design from all over the World” 2019.
Tipografia Dias is a movable type letterpress workshop founded in 2000, run by Designers, designing with movable type. www.tipografiadias.com
Letterpress Workshops
In a letterpress workshop, one can learn a lot about type and typography. All bases of how we use letters today on our computers result from the evolution of the old technique of movable type.
Contact us to organize a workshop for you, a group, or your company, either in Lisbon or Porto. I have performed workshops since 2006 either at ar.co in Lisboa, at esad in Matosinhos or with my studio, currently in Espinho.
You can learn how it works, gaining conscience of how to handle type and the space that surrounds it which is the basics of every typographic composition. These concepts remain nearly the same since Gutenberg. They organize the content in order to make them clear. You can get out of the computer and try an alternative technology and get your hands dirty with ink. Get in touch.
Founded in 2004, Item Zero is a Multidisciplinary studio, designing content-based solutions for print and media, but essentially we make books. itemzero.com
Book design
From the idea to production
We make books, from a catalogue to literature, from reports to illustrated books. With a focus on making the content clear, we develop projects as an open discussion with the author. Working with specialised photographers or illustrators, we aim to produce unique and outstanding objects. Looking carefully from the selection of the raw materials to the best production techniques. We work with renowned printers and strive to elevate the book experience to the highest standard.
The book Fiapo was awarded an honorary mention on the Portuguese Book Design Award 2018. The same book was shortlisted within 600 entries, from 36 countries, in the Internacional competition from Stiftung Buchkunst for the “Best Book Design from all over the World” 2019.
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Anyone who loves books knows no picture can capture a good book in its entirety. The different touches of the papers, the feeling of using a book that easily opens flat, are the kind of details that only by handling the book one can understand.
If you are interested in making a book with us, get in touch.
Founded in 2004, Item Zero is a Multidisciplinary studio, designing content-based solutions for print and media, but essentially we make books. itemzero.com
Digital Mediums
Interface Design, User Experience & Web Development
Through analysis and strategic processes, we develop the best solutions for your digital needs. We create custom-made proposals, focusing on innovative and creative outcomes for your products.
At Item Zero we work with developers and programmers to implement enhanced experiences for our clients.
With a strong and valuable typographic & data visual representation background, we produce layouts that represent knowledge intrinsic to the content. At the same time, we continuously question the relevance of every solution as part of an ongoing process.
